Sh@[)3s

The most beautiful moments in life are captured in black and white. Take time to step back from the computer and actually look at what I have created. enjoy.


- finished in the media of Graphic pencil. Sprayed with holding spray.

ST()p. SiT. & SM3LL Th3 R()sE's...

F()uNDaTi0nS

(The Roman Colosseum shows all three building forms: Stacking,Horizontal Lines + Circles)

When I sat back and actually took the time to reflect on the concepts of this unit, I wanted to clearly define the word foundation. Foundation is defined as an establishment with provisions for the future, or the basis on which something stands or is supported.

  We find among some of the first and earlier settlements, the building foundation types of stacking, circles and horizontal lines across the earths surface.  We find these techniques in early settlements such as China, Mesopotamia and The Ohio Valley and even though these settlements are spread across the earth’s surface they all built with the intent of protection, sacredness, and permanence.

Overall this unit focuses and is based on the Idea of Archetype, Prototype + Hybrid. In a way these three are the past, present and future of architecture.

I understand Archetype as the basis or the original form of which we copy or we build from. Every thing in this world that is created has an archetype, a basis in which we build from. In my opinion, Egypt is the metaphorical empire for this word. Much of the building types from earlier settlements are seen in Egyptian architecture, such as stacking but, as they built they created a permanence and prototype for architecture all around the world.

Egyptian architecture had a very focused emphasis on the afterlife and power, showing many signs of masculinity within their monuments.

Egyptian Architecture speaks in the way that it was intended to speak... it tells a story.  This is shown through the juxtaposition between domestic structures and final resting places in a way where it speaks in terms of temporary and permanence. Their religious beliefs, views on life and social structure are retold not only by the pictorials on the surviving monuments but are retold by the monuments themselves. 

A prototype serves for the purpose of a form, which is a basis for later stages or changes.  The Grecian Empire was known as the present, the center of the world… the prototype. They took architecture to the next stage of foundations, adding the building blocks to the structure of architecture, as we know it today.

They focused on working with nature just as the Egyptians did but instead of building with symmetry and balance, they focused more on asymmetric forms, keeping the nature around them untouched. Their structures were built for Greek Gods + Goddesses rather than everyday people, paying homage and continuously trying to create the ideal form. Their architecture showed social structure and dominance between masculinity and femininity but in the aspects that all Gods + Goddesses were the ultimate beings. They built in the form of stacking in a way that the layers of a temple where shown in importance through stacking.  Their ideas and monuments formed from order, repetition, contrast, emphasis and religion… striving to create the most aesthetically ideal forms. 

Hybrid is the word used to describe several components that make up the same or similar results, a mixed origin, composition or it is also known as an offspring. Rome is the perfect example of a Hybrid. It was the future… building, Recreating and inventing new things from the past cultures that they emulated.  They moved on from the building techniques of the founding empires and created forms that show the measure of man and what he is capable of doing in terms of greatness. The Romans are most notorious for showing structure in the form of Masculinity with in their structures, using power as an indicator of direction.  They focused on reality rather than the ideal and created an empire, which depicts their interpretation of the world, continuously moving forward taking elements of the past forward with them.  From the discovery of opius cementicium and the creation of the arch, the Romans showed the ancient world that they knew the rules, they knew how to break them and they weren’t afraid to create their own.

Everyday we’re looking back, continuously building from these foundations, changing them, re-creating and forming our own. As we move forward in the design of architecture we adapt new styles and create new forms but one thing that will always remain constant is the repeating elements within our architecture that are seen from our foundations showing the constant developing on previous development. 




http://www.journeyonearth.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Colosseum-2.jpg

/\/\@Ps

R3/\diNG C()mp. ThR33

        Salisbury Cathedral. Water Colored. By Me 

 Cologne Cathedral                             Salisbury Cathedral                                                                                  

                      

                            


Both cathedrals were started in the 13th century which insures the same concepts and ideas of the Gothic design in the medieval times. They both focus on an atmosphere of airy lightness created by the verticality of the structures, creating a closeness to God and reminding man of how small we actually are.   The intense slender proportions are possible due to the exterior flying buttresses and are supported by the interior ribbed vaults. Even though these cathedrals share several structural elements, these elements differ ever so slightly telling the different stories of the interior and exterior of both.

Cologne focuses more on the verticality. This is seen due to the slenderness and linear verticality. The two massive spires at the front of the facade solidify the idea of verticality and signal man in the direction of the ultimate divinity: the heavens. Both cathedrals use a cluster of columns at the base of each interior ribbed vault system, which is located at the top. However, Cologne uses the quadripartite ribbed vaults and Salisbury uses the sexpartite ribbed vaulting system. 

Salisbury focuses more on the balance between both vertical and horizontal space, showing the connection between the heavens and the earth, symbolizing it through the architecture. Salisbury has a much wider nave than the Cologne Cathedral. If you pay close attention to the entrance, the front facade almost hugs the ground. Both Cathedrals encompass the Gothic Style both conceptually and physically but express their structural differences in relation to their regional locations. 

Amiens    vs   Salisbury 

(Time affects building practices)

Salisbury Cathedral is an interesting contrast to Amiens especially because they were both started the same year. I feel that not only does geographical location influence the outcome of a stylized building but I feel that time is a large factor as well. 

Amiens Cathedral was started as a early gothic structure and was finished as a high gothic cathedral. Due to time and the briefness of life fighting against each other, the Amiens Cathedral had several different architects contributing to its construction over the span of two centuries... and I would say that it definitely shows!

However the Salisbury Cathedral encompasses the early gothic style and has a frame work formed from a skeletal form. I would say that it is "less of a church, and more of an architecturally scale reliquary, filled with precious religious objects" - Roth p.475

Florence Duomo Cathedral    vs   Salisbury Cathedral 

(Patron: sponsors can change the outcome of the design)

These two cathedrals not only differ in the sense that they are in two different geographic locations, built in two different architectural styles but in conceptual ideas brought forth by patrons had an influence in the final result of these two cathedrals. 

The salisbury Cathedral was more likely to be influenced by the clergy because they were who funded the construction. This shows in the structure itself due to the religious aspects built directly into the cathedral. On the other hand the Duomo Cathedral was funded more by the different guilds who constructed it. Even though the cathedral reads as one cohesive  structure, each guild brings a different aspect to each part of it. This is seen through the architecture. They focused more on architectural elements and the laws of construction itself. This is seen through the non traditional "umbrella-egg" shaped dome, which was built with holes in it for ventilation. Also there is the aspect of architecture it self seen through the use of circles and squares built rather than the traditional religious cruciform shaped in which the Salisbury is built in. 

Medieval Dwellings

The medieval times was a very unstable time in history. Also known as the dark-ages: named by the people of the Renaissance, had an architectural type which was "fundamentally associated with local history" -Roth p.469 

Religious and Educational activities had been housed in gothic structures, but when it came to the homes they where constructed in a totally different way They.were empty and sparcely decorated in the aspect that they needed to move around all the time. This was a safety precaution, they only housed as many things as they could carry in these dark times. Their homes were fortress like: cold and dark. Their source off warmth was from wall hangings or floor rugs known as tapestries. 

Cited

https://portfolio.du.edu/pc/port?page=5&uid=18745

http://www.travelpod.com/travel-photo/jcharwell/1/1244063676/inside-the-cologne-cathedral.jpg/tpod.html

http://www.panoramio.com/photo/2363819

ViNT/\G3... inT() tH3 liFE 0f /\ ChAiR

c()mPaSS

EXc3utiVe's,C.E.()'s, & C()-Ch/\iRs

EgYpT, GR3Ec3 & R()m3 SUMMaRY

EGYPT



The most important lessons learned from the Egyptian Society is the importance of Traditions, Rituals and Nature, specifically the importance of the Nile to their society. In order to understand their culture, we must first understand their beliefs.. their beliefs in life & death, the sun & the moon. These opposites reflect Egyptian building forms and where these forms have been inspired from. The structures reflect their beliefs as well as depict harmony and balance which tie these man made creations with nature, bonding them as one.

Greece


Just as the Egyptians believe, the Grecians depend on tradition, rituals and nature. They say that the only thing constant in this world is change, and the Grecians embody that. They always strived to change, model and remodel for the perfect form.... the IDEAL. They mainly built to pay homage...or to tell a story in a way.
They loved to build Asymmetrical forms, this was a way that they could remain one with nature.

Rome


Romans, like Grecians, constantly were striving for the best, but instead of creating the Ideal, they focused more on reality. They believed heavily on ancestry. They were obsessed with Geometrics, which ties into balance and harmony in a way. In conclusion, each of the three empires built in similar ways which differed depending on cultural beliefs. But their main goal was to make their mark and to tell their stories with Architecture so that they may be remembered forever.


http://www.voneurope.com/
http://www.nikiomahe.com/architecture-design/oia-greece/
http://www.digitaldesktopwallpaper.com/downloads/places_wallpaper_012.htm

FUR-Ni- CH/\iR

M/\k3 iT UP

I ADORE MAC MAKE UP!!! ... its my fave!!!... their colors are so vibrant, youthful and inspiring!...
I dont really wear much make up.. a little eye shadow here, some eyeliner there.. and on special occasions i may add a red or pink lip color. Even though I may not wear it much I do appreciate it!

so i created a collage out of magazine ads and internet images inspired by them

here's to you MAC cosmetics... hope you like it.

iLL3GaL ActiViTY..

Staying awake in my 2:00 - 3:15pm Introduction to RELIGION class is practically impossible!!! I try every thing to fight my heavy eyelids from closing... and finally I discovered that a quick sketch usually does the job!
The one thing that I found humorous was that there is a sign at the door that says that the legal limit of occupancy is 99 persons but there are clearly 102 people in the class (including the teacher)... can anyone say FIRE HAZARD?? tisk tisk.

R3aDinG C()mp II

`[1] Hersey describes a grammar for Greek architectural elements based on the idea of sacrifice.
SPECULATE about the validity of his argument based on what you know about Greek design and the
evidence (both visual and written) he provides. (5 points)

Hersey gives the point that the Greek architectural forms and elements depict daily life and ritual, Aas well as paying homage to Nature and the Gods.
The first temples where “trees” as Carl Boetticher speculated. It has been discovered that long before there were temples, the Greeks worshiped their Gods in sacred groves or fields.
This is an enormous element in the Greek idea’s of design. They base most of their designs on asymmetrical forms. This is because they believe in the harmonious bond with nature.
Gods and Goddesses have their own foliage or tree which is dedicated and worshiped in honor of them. These sacred trees are often seen in Greek art.
It is amazing to realize the foundations and reasons behind early Greek design. Nature, Ritualistic traditions and daily life structure the form and elements of Greek design. Which is the reason for why these temples were built in the first place. To pay homage, to have a place to worship and sacrifice.
Greek sacrifice involved the deconstruction and reconstruction of the victims body. They build in the image of the body. The names for the different elements of a temple’s architectural order bear this out. Columns’ relate to the human stature. The base represents the feet and so on. This tells us that what is sacrificed is the very elements that structure the temple and that the temple it self tells a story of their sacrificial rituals.

[2] Meant in jest, Macaulay shapes a world of the future in which the main character claims meanings for
archeological evidence uncovered at the Motel of the Mysteries. EXTRACT what you believe to be the
lesson of mis-interpreting evidence and link that lesson to the real world phenomenon of the internet. In
other words, EXPLAIN how you might avoid such a blunder as mis-reading evidence when you use the
web as your major information source. (5 points)

Macaulay was a humorous reading but it told us a lot about sources and the importance of the access to technology that we are privileged to have in this day in age.
I realized that without sources…academic sources that things of this world can be easily misinterpreted. It is the equivalent to the idea that we interpret people who inhabited this earth hundreds of years before us. Even though Carson had physical evidence, without text or pictures, which depict previous life forms, we have no clue what these artifacts did or what their use was for them. We depend on pictures, carvings, sacred text and stories to help guide us into an understanding of what life was like before us. In this time period, we have learned to record our history, as well as safely store history, which we have uncovered from the past that is accessible via Internet and other technological sources. To avoid Carson’s way, I would not solely depend on my opinion or one opinion of another. I would check academic sources, reference art and make sure I gather from more than one source, ensuring that I do not create a biased opinion or belief.

[3] The funerary temple design of Queen Hatshepsut speaks a very different design language than the
pyramidal forms for other pharaohs. From your readings and the ideas addressed in class, RECOUNT
possible reasons why Queen Hatshepsut used this building form. (5 points)

The Temple of Queen Hatshepsut is not a traditional burial resting place. Even though she died before it was completed I am sure that she had a large influence in the designing of this temple. In my personal opinion I believe that Hatshepsut not only designed with her mind but her influence as a person, as a great ruler determine the design.
She will always be remembered as the great unifier. After several years, decades It took a woman to unite three nations. Besides the fact that she is female and all the previous rulers were male, the fact that she made peace between nations sets her apart. She brought a new out look on past traditions which is most likely the reason for such a new and non traditional design.
Her burial place was not only a tomb but it was a temple. It was a stacked monument which has horizontal lines… a totally different concept then those burial places of the male rulers. A pyramid is symbolic of the ruler which it was built for. It is firm, stable and is built at a large scale. It harmoniously works with its surroundings, blending in, in terms of color and material but standing out in size, showing power. It is seen from mile away, out into the distance for purposes to say, I was here, am here and will always be, in terms of the ruler.
But when it comes to analyzing the temple of Hatshepsut, it was purposely built in a place where it was hidden, mainly for purposes of tomb robbers. It was open, built in a way that you were supposed to enter. It was not only meant for the use of the dead but it was a place to worship Gods. This idea that it was open reflects her personality. As a ruler she seemed open to new things, willing to walk among the people, sharing their experience, which is why her tomb was left open to share. Even though it was built large in scale.. it is rather small in comparison to the pyramids of Giza. The flatness of her temple reflected the idea that she was leveled, she grounded the people and united the nations. It also has a sense of femininity, something which the traditional pyramids lack. When it was built hundreds of years ago, it was built surrounded by gardens. This element brought beauty and the elegance of a woman

[4] Although some evidence suggests links between the Egyptian and Greek civilizations, and some
building forms and details provide support for that linkage, the two societies produced design responses
in great contrast to one another. Select a building type (house, tomb, or temple) from each culture and
ELUCIDATE similarities and differences in the two forms over time. Provide an annotated illustration for
each selected type. (5 points)

The Egyptians have always been considered the pioneers of design. Their existence of life is solely based on the nile it self. The seasons of the nile are expected, which ties in with their beliefs in continuos life. "Life doesn't end after death." And because of this belief they spend their entire lives preparing for the after life. Because of this continuous cycle they have a secure civilization, they live securely off of the geographical location.. the safety of the dessert.
Their whole society, traditions and rituals are reflections of their belief in life and death, hence the polar sides of the nile: The east; where the sun rises contains the cities of the living. The west; where the sun sets contains the cities of the dead.
These elements of their ways of life reflect and are built into their architectural designs.
For example the Hypostyle Hall is a temple in Karnak in homage on has naturalistic motifs built into the columns, such as the papyrus inspired capitals. They manipulate the navigation of space, creating an atmosphere with light that causes a religious and spiritual experience. The scale of the building was built in a way to make you feel small. This one temple has the perfect elements to reflect the Egyptian societies in the sense of religion, life and death, rituals, traditions, sacredness and the importance of nature and the nile. These elements are all built into the principles of design such as contrast, balance, proportion, unity, repetition and harmony


The Grecians have taken and refined Egyptian design, matching it to their own cultures and beliefs. Just as the Egyptians design from the inspiration of nature, Gods, religion and traditions, the Grecians do the same. In this Geographical context, the Grecians are surrounded by water rather than sand. In the Grecian culture they were always willing to change. They were an exploratory culture, always striving to find perfect form. Rather than just building from nature it self they design in our own image or in homage of their Gods. Their main approach as a design society is to grasp concepts and inspiration from other geographic locations and made it their own. Like the Egyptians they focus on elements such as balance, material and spiritual experience.. just to name a few.
These similar elements can be found in the Palace of Knososs in Crete. The difference between the two structures that I have chosen is that one is a burial place and the other is used for dwelling and business matters for the King. Also, instead of it having a religious design basis like most Egyptian structures, this Grecian Palace was secular and light hearted. It contrasts the heavy earth toned stone material of the pyramids(or in this case the Hypostyle Hall) with its use of colors, bright reds, gold and black as well as with the aid of oceanic motifs.

Both The Grecians and the Egyptians were protected by their surroundings due to their geographic location. The egyptians were protected by the dessert and the Grecians by the sea. Due to this fact both the Hypostyle Hall and Knososs was created in a way where it was completely open in a sense but, closed in by a forest of columns. They both had systematical axial plans and told stories with motifs and carvings on the walls of the structures.

It is easy to pull out both similarities and differences between the two because they are so close in similar beliefs but differ in traditions and religions.




href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfcr3k2w7vfHWHvdV7guoVi7do-YJxIw9OCIaXXGQaH8ZYyx3Ek7SiRptfwpKaxeKuYO1PVpwRigwxDDvZ0WBbZvXGVny_rUOaZKxm2fUpT90GSRXxJvrhksmOwlymdAX8gHxFJCyarIQ/s1600/hall-cc-sebastia-giralt.jpg">



[5] Harwood shows examples of Egyptian furniture on pp. 60-61. HYPOTHESIZE about the lightweight
nature of Egyptian furniture when compared to tomb architecture, as at the Pyramids of Giza, which
many characterize as massive and heavy. (5 points)

I see the difference between Egyptian furniture and Egyptian tombs just as I see the juxtaposition between their beliefs in life and death.
In a sense, the Egyptian Furniture symbolizes life. It is temporary, just as life is. Portable, functional, accessible and just a simple component which makes up a home.
But a Tomb symbolizes death. It is permanent, sacred, private, conceptual and is the main component rather than an element which adds to it.

Egyptian furniture is used for every day purposes, when a Tomb is used for the dead.
In my mind, I see the furniture as a symbol. It is a symbolic vice to the ritual of death. The furniture represents the organs of the main body... the body being the home. They inhabit this body and are used every day in life. It spends its life cycle in the home and once the user is deceased the organs (the furniture) is removed and placed inside the tomb to rest for eternity.


[6] Based on a careful reading of the visual evidence in these two images, DRAW OUT an explanation of
design and gender roles as you see both depicted. As this language of urns represents essentially one
of the main ways we know about Grecian culture, COMMENT on the validity of such a practice of
reading evidence. (5 points)

The language of the Urns speak in the sense of dominance and status. Particularly male dominance, the male is the head of society. There is a crow foliage leaf that raps around the neck of the Urn showing importance, and power in the form of status due to the crown often used by Grecian rulers. The Urn is a symbol of a religious sacrifice to the dead and depicts the story of sacrifice and servitude to the male in the center of the urn. The placement of the pictures have an importance as well because not only does the art depict status ( the women are standing, the man is siting in a high back chair indicating status) but the foliage is at the top and and the male is at the center.